A plasticizer is a substance that is added to a plastic material to increase its flexibility, durability, and workability. Plasticizers are commonly used in the production of PVC (polyvinyl chloride) and other plastics to improve their properties and make them more suitable for a variety of applications. Plasticizers work by reducing the intermolecular forces between the polymer chains in the plastic material, which increases its flexibility and makes it easier to process. They also help to improve the durability and resistance of the plastic material to heat, chemicals, and other environmental factors. There are several types of plasticizers, including phthalates, adipates, and trimellitates. Phthalates are the most commonly used plasticizers, accounting for over 80% of all plasticizer production. They are used in a variety of applications, including building materials, automotive parts, and medical devices.